We discuss two exotic objects, which must be experimentally identified inchiral superfluids and superconductors. These are (i) the vortex withfractional quantum number (N=1/2 in chiral superfluids, and N=1/2 and N=1/4 inchiral superconductors), which plays the part ofthe Alice string inrelativistic theories; and (ii) the hedgehog in the l-field, which is thecounterpart of the Dirac magnetic monopole. These objects of differentdimensions are topologically connected. They form the combined object which iscalled nexus in relativistic theories. In chiral superconductors the nexus hasmagnetic charge emanating radially from the hedgehog, while the half-quantumvortices play the part of the Dirac string. Each of them supplies thefractional magnetic flux to the hedgehog, representing 1/4 of the"conventional" Dirac string. We discuss the topological interaction of thesuperconductor's nexus with the `t Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopole, which canexist in GUT. The `t Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopole and the hedgehog with thesame magnetic charge are topologically confined by a piece of the Abrikosovvortex. Other properties of half-quantum vortices and monopoles are discussedas well, including fermion zero modes.
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机译：我们讨论了两个奇异的物体，必须通过实验确定手性超流体和超导体。它们是：（i）具有分数量子数的旋涡（在手性超流体中N = 1/2，在手性超导体中N = 1/2和N = 1/4），这是爱丽丝弦相对论的一部分。 （ii）l场中的刺猬，它是狄拉克（Dirac）磁性单极子的对应部分。这些不同维度的对象在拓扑上是相连的。它们形成了相对论理论中被称为“联系”的组合对象。在手性超导体中，神经网络具有从刺猬放射状产生的磁性电荷，而半量子涡旋则是狄拉克弦的一部分。它们中的每一个都向刺猬提供分数磁通量，代表“常规”狄拉克弦的1/4。我们讨论了超导体与“ t Hooft-Polyakov”磁单极的拓扑相互作用，该单极可存在于GUT中。 t Hooft-Polyakov磁性单极子和具有相同磁性电荷的刺猬在拓扑上受一块Abrikosovvortex限制。还讨论了半量子涡旋和单极子的其他特性，包括费米子零模。
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